Solving breastfeeding problems: pain, milk stasis, and stress

Breastfeeding is a topic that concerns almost all new parents. Many mothers want to breastfeed their baby for a long time and without any problems. Breastfeeding has numerous benefits: It provides your child with exactly the nutrients it needs, strengthens the immune system, promotes bonding between mother and child and is also always available - hygienically, free of charge and at the perfect temperature. A special component of breast milk are the so-called HMOs (Human Milk Oligosaccharides). They are complex carbohydrates that babies cannot digest directly, but which play a crucial role: HMOs have a prebiotic effect, i.e. they support the development of a healthy intestinal microbiota, promote the development of the immune system and help to ward off pathogens in the intestine. Breast milk is therefore much more than just "food" - it is active protection for the baby's health.

But in the first few weeks after the birth, the reality of breastfeeding often looks different: sore nipples, milk stasis, lack of sleep, stress and worries about not having enough milk. This article gives you guidance and tips.

Pain when breastfeeding - what to do?

Breastfeeding should never hurt. If pain occurs, it is often caused by incorrect latching on. A small change of position or support from a breastfeeding consultant or midwife can help quickly. Breastfeeding shields or special creams provide temporary relief, but should only be used as an accompaniment. It is important to eliminate the cause so that breastfeeding becomes pleasant again.

Recognizing and treating engorgement

In everyday life, a distinction is often made between milk stasis and mastitis, but the boundaries are not clear. They are different stages of the same problem.
So-called milk blisters on the nipple can also occur. They occur when a milk duct is blocked. Gentle care helps here, but no "lancing".

Treatment & prevention:

• Feed frequently and relieve the breast regularly.
• Do not stimulate overproduction (e.g. by constantly "pumping").
• Gentle measures: Cooling, rest, light massage, painkillers if necessary.
• In case of bacterial infection: antibiotics after consultation with a doctor.
• Probiotics and lecithin can have a supportive effect, even if the study situation is not yet clear.

Important note: No strong massages or "massaging out", as this can do more harm than good.

If the milk blockage persists, a specialist should be consulted in order to avoid mastitis. This is because milk stasis can develop into mastitis (breast inflammation). The research here is exciting: mastitis is not only associated with blocked milk ducts, but can also be linked to an imbalance of the microbiota in the breast. If the bacterial balance is upset, the risk of inflammation can increase. This explains why some women are repeatedly affected despite good breastfeeding technique - and underlines the importance of a holistic approach.

Do I have enough milk? - The most common concern

The fear that the baby will not get enough milk is widespread. Signs of sufficient milk are enough wet diapers, regular weight gain and a satisfied baby after breastfeeding. Breastfeeding works according to the principle of "supply and demand". Frequent latching on, sufficient rest and fluids promote milk production.

Pre-nutrition: Is bottle feeding a good alternative?

Many parents ask themselves: "Is pre-nutrition okay?" The clear answer: Yes. Pre-milk is strictly controlled, adapted to breast milk and provides all the important nutrients. There are now also certain pre-nutrients that have a supportive effect on the gut microbiome. Pre-nutrition can be given as a supplement or exclusively. It is important that parents do not have a guilty conscience: Feeding is caring - whether breast or bottle.

Comment by Katharina Puth-Weinand,
nutritionist and mother of 2 children:

"Breastfeeding is the most natural form of nutrition for a newborn - it not only provides all the important nutrients, but also antibodies and good bacteria that strengthen the gut microbiome and therefore the immune system. At the same time, however, we must not forget that every breastfeeding story is individual. Pain, milk retention or the feeling of not having enough milk are not uncommon and can cause great uncertainty.

It is important that parents seek support and know that pre-nutrition is also a very good, safe alternative. The decisive factor is not whether a child is fed at the breast or with a bottle - but that it is lovingly cared for and fed. This relief helps parents to take the pressure off and focus on the essentials again: Closeness, trust and the healthy development of the child."